pg_dumpall's complete output (without -g) is unchanged. Avoid running atexit handlers when exiting due to SIGQUIT (Kyotaro Horiguchi, Tom Lane). In this blog post, I'll guide you on how to perform a migration of databases (and upgrade during that process since the major version is different) from PostgreSQL 10.4 to the newest (11.5 at time of writing) on Windows. As side note: are you aware that before Postgres 10, the version numbering was a bit different? Logical replication starts by taking a snapshot of the data on the publisher database and copying that to the subscriber. PostgreSQL 11: If a future major release ever changes the data storage format in a way that makes the old data format unreadable, pg_upgrade will not be usable for such upgrades. As the schema is not replicated, you must take a backup in PostgreSQL 11 and restore it in your PostgreSQL 12. This is largely the same problem as just cited for pg_dump et al, although psql's behavior is more complex since the user may intentionally override some connection parameters. It then finds matching files in the standby's old cluster and creates links for them in the standby's new cluster. pg_upgrade defaults to running servers on port 50432 to avoid unintended client connections. Allow polygons to be indexed with SP-GiST (Nikita Glukhov, Alexander Korotkov), Allow SP-GiST to use lossy representation of leaf keys (Teodor Sigaev, Heikki Linnakangas, Alexander Korotkov, Nikita Glukhov), Improve selection of the most common values for statistics (Jeff Janes, Dean Rasheed). A regular upgrade will copy the database files instead of creating hard links between the files. Why refined oil is cheaper than cold press oil? Prior Releases. Allow quit and exit to exit psql when given with no prior input (Bruce Momjian). If you did not start the new cluster, the old cluster was unmodified except that, when linking started, a .old suffix was appended to $PGDATA/global/pg_control. On Windows, make psql read the output of a backtick command in text mode, not binary mode (Tom Lane). Specifically, these functions were modified: pg_ls_dir(), pg_read_file(), pg_read_binary_file(), pg_stat_file(). Save any configuration files from the old standbys' configuration directories you need to keep, e.g., postgresql.conf (and any files included by it), postgresql.auto.conf, pg_hba.conf, because these will be overwritten or removed in the next step. On FreeBSD 11, and possibly other platforms, the view's address and netmask columns were always null due to this error. This can result in near-instantaneous copying of the data files, giving the speed advantages of -k/--link while leaving the old cluster untouched. Update time zone data files to tzdata release 2020d for DST law changes in Fiji, Morocco, Palestine, the Canadian Yukon, Macquarie Island, and Casey Station (Antarctica); plus historical corrections for France, Hungary, Monaco, and Palestine. This prevents possible data loss in a subsequent operating system crash. If you are already using PostgreSQL13, you do not need to perform this migration. If you have version 12, run: When the upgrade has successfully completed, you can safely delete the old database directory and reclaim lost disk space. Fix invalid locking permission check in SELECT FOR UPDATE on views (Tom Lane), Add server setting ssl_passphrase_command to allow supplying of the passphrase for SSL key files (Peter Eisentraut). The option --create-slot creates the named replication slot (--slot) when the WAL streaming method (--wal-method=stream) is used. Embedded hyperlinks in a thesis or research paper. Add CREATE AGGREGATE option to specify the behavior of the aggregate's finalization function (Tom Lane). PostgreSQL upgrades can be performed in two ways: a regular upgrade, or a fast upgrade: A regular upgrade creates a complete copy of the database, so you need double the existing database size of space available. Perform a database backup. On May 12, 2022, the PostgreSQL Global Development Group released its regular quarterly update for all of its supported versions (10-14) containing bug fixes and a security fix for CVE-2022-1552. There is also a web interface that shows changes to specific files. This is enabled by the new INCLUDE clause of CREATE INDEX. Make pg_upgrade check for pre-existence of tablespace directories in the target cluster (Bruce Momjian), Fix potential memory leak in contrib/pgcrypto (Michael Paquier), Add check for an unlikely failure case in contrib/pgcrypto (Daniel Gustafsson), Fix recently-added timetz test case so it works when the USA is not observing daylight savings time (Tom Lane). There is no workaround for that, other than storing data in normal tables. The data in serial or identity columns backed by sequences will be replicated as part of the table, but the sequence itself would still show the start value on the subscriber. This section covers upgrading the PostgreSQL database from version10 or version12 to version13. For example, \q does not exit when supplied in character strings. The name appearing next to each item represents the major developer for that item. Make sure the new standby data directories do not exist or are empty. postgres 9 to 12 breaking changespublic adjusters are crooks. This reduces the likelihood of serialization conflicts in serializable-mode transactions. Why the obscure but specific description of Jane Doe II in the original complaint for Westenbroek v. Kappa Kappa Gamma Fraternity? This is where the incompatibilities to the previous release are enumerated. The release notes do not contain changes that affect only a few users or changes that are internal and therefore not user-visible. However, if a fast upgrade fails, you must restore the database from the backup. This ensures proper handling of newlines. Allow bitmap scans to perform index-only scans when possible (Alexander Kuzmenkov), Update the free space map during VACUUM (Claudio Freire). This feature is disabled by default but can be enabled by changing enable_partitionwise_join. Specifically, the new variables are ERROR, SQLSTATE, ROW_COUNT, LAST_ERROR_MESSAGE, and LAST_ERROR_SQLSTATE. Rather, invest a lot of time in testing. Once the existing data is copied, the worker enters synchronization mode, which ensures that the table is brought up to a synchronized state with the main apply process by streaming any changes that happened during the initial data copy using standard logical replication. please use Build the new PostgreSQL source with configure flags that are compatible with the old cluster. In this blog we made a brief introduction to logical replication, a PostgreSQL feature introduced natively in version 10, and we have shown you how it can help you accomplish this challenge with a zero downtime strategy. Applications needing to check for a primary key should consult pg_index. Regular upgrades can take a considerable amount of time, depending on the size of the database and the speed of the storage system. To make a valid copy of the old cluster, use rsync to create a dirty copy of the old cluster while the server is running, then shut down the old server and run rsync --checksum again to update the copy with any changes to make it consistent. Transaction control is only available within top-transaction-level procedures and nested DO and CALL blocks that only contain other DO and CALL blocks. Previously, the session owner had to be a superuser to allow such access; now the view owner is checked instead. The backup will only be taken for the schema, since the information will be replicated in the initial transfer. options to be passed directly to the old postgres command; multiple option invocations are appended, options to be passed directly to the new postgres command; multiple option invocations are appended, the old cluster port number; environment variable PGPORTOLD, the new cluster port number; environment variable PGPORTNEW, retain SQL and log files even after successful completion, directory to use for postmaster sockets during upgrade; default is current working directory; environment variable PGSOCKETDIR, cluster's install user name; environment variable PGUSER. your experience with the particular feature or requires further clarification, Remove the contrib/start-scripts/osx scripts since they are no longer recommended (use contrib/start-scripts/macos instead) (Tom Lane), Remove the chkpass extension (Peter Eisentraut). It will also generate script files that must be run by the administrator. (Automatic deletion is not possible if you have user-defined tablespaces inside the old data directory.) For Windows users, you must be logged into an administrative account, and then start a shell as the postgres user and set the proper path: and then run pg_upgrade with quoted directories, e.g. (CVE-2020-25696), Prevent possible data loss from concurrent truncations of SLRU logs (Noah Misch). The plugin transforms the changes read from WAL to the logical replication protocol and filters the data according to the publication specification. Making statements based on opinion; back them up with references or personal experience. If your file system supports file system snapshots or copy-on-write file copies, you can use that to make a backup of the old cluster and tablespaces, though the snapshot and copies must be created simultaneously or while the database server is down. Fix failure of parallel B-tree index scans when the index condition is unsatisfiable (James Hunter), Ensure that data is detoasted before being inserted into a BRIN index (Tomas Vondra), Index entries are not supposed to contain out-of-line TOAST pointers, but BRIN didn't get that memo. Large objects are not replicated. The name appearing next to each item represents the major developer for that item. Is there any known 80-bit collision attack? You can use pg_upgrade --check to perform only the checks, even if the old server is still running. This change also ensures that strftime() does not change errno unless it fails. The PostgreSQL Global Development Group has released an update to all supported versions of PostgreSQL, including 14.3, 13.7, 12.11, 11.16, and 10.21. A constant subquery output column isn't really constant if it is a grouping column that appears in only some of the grouping sets. Previously returned true, if ESCAPE NULL is specified. The changes on the publisher are sent to the subscriber as they occur in real-time. This is similar to using var LIKE 'word%' with a btree index, but it is more efficient. The directory structure under the specified directories on the primary and standbys must match. These parameters will be useful if we want to add a new replication slave or for using PITR backups. This case failed anyway, but with a confusing error message. xcolor: How to get the complementary color. --new-bindir=bindir. If you are using PostgreSQL10 or 12, you can upgrade to PostgreSQL13. This is enabled when the default value is a constant. In PostgreSQL 11: $ psql -d postgres -f schema.sql. I've been looking for a tool similar to "DMA", specifically the part that lists deprecated features and "breaking changes". Many extensions and custom modules, whether from contrib or another source, use shared object files (or DLLs), e.g., pgcrypto.so. This reduces memory usage for logical decoding. This oversight could lead to failure of subsequent PITR recovery attempts. Allow environment variable PSQL_PAGER to control psql's pager (Pavel Stehule). Once the current PostgreSQL server is shut down, it is safe to rename the PostgreSQL installation directory; assuming the old directory is /usr/local/pgsql, you can do: For source installs, build the new version. : Once started, pg_upgrade will verify the two clusters are compatible and then do the upgrade. Failure to do this led to crashes when specifying --inserts, or underspecified (though usually correct) COPY commands when using COPY to reload the tables' data. For example, in the version number 10.1, the 10 is the major version number and the 1 is the minor version number, meaning this would be the first minor release of the major release 10. Per the SQL standard, relative paths start from the document node of the XML input document, not the root node as these functions previously did. Add ability to use channel binding when using SCRAM authentication (Michael Paquier). Allow LOCK TABLE to succeed on a self-referential view (Tom Lane). Specifically, ldapsearchfilter allows pattern matching using combinations of LDAP attributes. The same could happen in GENERATED expressions, in branches that have that feature. To reuse the old cluster, remove the .old suffix from $PGDATA/global/pg_control; you can then restart the old cluster. PostgreSQL 10: November 10, 2022 PostgreSQL 11: November 9, 2023 PostgreSQL 12: November 14, 2024 (released on October 3rd, 2019) parallel merge joins the support for parallel index scans has been improved it's also possible to customize the number of parallel workers in a single query (defaults to 8) parallel hash joins (helps with inner joins) Version 11 contains a number of changes that may affect compatibility with previous releases. Also, PL/Perl and PL/Python now install their include files, to support creation of transform modules for those languages. Add the ability to define PL/pgSQL composite-type variables as not null, constant, or with initial values (Tom Lane), Allow PL/pgSQL to handle changes to composite types (e.g., record, row) that happen between the first and later function executions in the same session (Tom Lane). to report a documentation issue. Copy any custom full text search files (dictionary, synonym, thesaurus, stop words) from the old to the new cluster. Add an option to suppress dumping and restoring database object comments (Robins Tharakan). They want a report to estimate times. (CVE-2020-25695), Fix usage of complex connection-string parameters in pg_dump, pg_restore, clusterdb, reindexdb, and vacuumdb (Tom Lane), The -d parameter of pg_dump and pg_restore, or the --maintenance-db parameter of the other programs mentioned, can be a connection string containing multiple connection parameters rather than just a database name. Add Vietnamese letter handling to the unaccent extension (Dang Minh Huong, Michael Paquier), Enhance amcheck to check that each heap tuple has an index entry (Peter Geoghegan), Have adminpack use the new default file system access roles (Stephen Frost). Procedure: Preparing to Upgrade Check the active PostgreSQL version: psql --version If you are using PostgreSQL 10 or 12, you can upgrade to PostgreSQL 13. It is implemented by walsender and apply processes. Tables not referenced in rebuild scripts can be accessed immediately. Also add a check that the WAL timeline matches the backup_label file's timeline. Replication is only possible from base tables to base tables. When using link mode, standby servers can be quickly upgraded using rsync. The initial data in the existing subscribed tables are snapshotted and copied in a parallel instance of a special kind of apply process. Eliminating OIDs while upgrading PostgreSQL from 9.4 to 12, PostgreSQL 9.6.12 autovacuum constantly running on system tables, MySQL 8 - user variables within expressions is deprecated [UDF calls with lot of parameters]. For more information on backing up, see Backup and Restore. Eigenvalues of position operator in higher dimensions is vector, not scalar? Start the upgrade. However, if both interpretations are feasible, the column interpretation was always chosen, leading to surprising results if the user intended the function interpretation. You will have to read the release notes for all 11 versions you haven't kept up with. this form Allow psql to test for the existence of a variable (Fabien Coelho). Do not load the schema definitions, e.g., CREATE EXTENSION pgcrypto, because these will be duplicated from the old cluster. Frame exclusion syntax was also added. (CVE-2020-25694), When psql's \connect command re-uses connection parameters, ensure that all non-overridden parameters from a previous connection string are re-used (Tom Lane), This avoids cases where reconnection might fail due to omission of relevant parameters, such as non-default SSL or GSS options. Clone mode also requires that the old and new data directories be in the same file system. In case id ESCAPE NULL, the application will get NULL instead of any value. pg_dumpall -g now only dumps role- and tablespace-related attributes. Also, make sure wal_level is not set to minimal in the postgresql.conf file on the new primary cluster. please use The walsender process starts logical decoding of the WAL and loads the standard logical decoding plugin. If it is selected but not supported, the pg_upgrade run will error. This also allows array_agg() to be used on domains. Previously, CREATE DATABASE would be emitted without these specifications if the database locale and encoding matched the old cluster's defaults. Avoid crash if debug_query_string is NULL when starting a parallel worker (Noah Misch), Fix use-after-free hazard when an event trigger monitors an ALTER TABLE operation (Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais), Fix incorrect error message about inconsistent moving-aggregate data types (Jeff Janes), Avoid lockup when a parallel worker reports a very long error message (Vignesh C), Avoid unnecessary failure when transferring very large payloads through shared memory queues (Markus Wanner), Fix incorrect handling of template function attributes in JIT code generation (Andres Freund). PostgreSQL has long supported a more standard-compliant syntax for this capability. Reduce var = var to var IS NOT NULL where equivalent (Tom Lane). With these new versions 10 and 11, PostgreSQL implements built-in logical replication which, in contrast with physical replication, you can replicate between different major versions of PostgreSQL. PostgreSQL built-in streaming replication is what is called physical: it will replicate the changes on a byte-by-byte level, creating an identical copy of the database in another server. Acknowledgments. Retain WAL data for only a single checkpoint (Simon Riggs). In that case you can use the -s option to put the socket files in some directory with a shorter path name. An index on a partitioned table is not a physical index across the whole partitioned table, but rather a template for automatically creating similar indexes on each partition of the table. pg_upgrade supports upgrades from 9.2.X and later to the current major release of PostgreSQL, including snapshot and beta releases. pg_upgrade launches short-lived postmasters in the old and new data directories. Ensure that standby servers will archive WAL timeline history files when archive_mode is set to always (Grigory Smolkin, Fujii Masao). It is not currently enabled by default, even in builds that support it. Subscribers pull data from the publications they subscribe to. This option causes pg_upgrade to return without waiting, which is faster, but means that a subsequent operating system crash can leave the data directory corrupt. Make power(numeric, numeric) and power(float8, float8) handle NaN inputs according to the POSIX standard (Tom Lane, Dang Minh Huong). As the schema is not replicated, we must take a backup in PostgreSQL 10 and restore it in our PostgreSQL 11. Specifically, SELECT to_number('1234', '9,999') used to return 134. (This is not supported on Windows.). (If you are faced with such an error from an existing index, REINDEX should be enough to fix it. -B bindir. The new command ALTER INDEX ATTACH PARTITION causes an existing index on a partition to be associated with a matching index template for its partitioned table. Improve optimizer's row count estimates for EXISTS and NOT EXISTS queries (Tom Lane), Make the optimizer account for evaluation costs and selectivity of HAVING clauses (Tom Lane), Add Just-in-Time (JIT) compilation of some parts of query plans to improve execution speed (Andres Freund). Allow btree_gin to index bool, bpchar, name and uuid data types (Matheus Oliveira), Allow cube and seg extensions to perform index-only scans using GiST indexes (Andrey Borodin), Allow retrieval of negative cube coordinates using the ~> operator (Alexander Korotkov). pg_upgrade requires write permission in the current directory. You have to read through all of these sections for all of the base releases between 8.x and 13. Copyright 1996-2023 The PostgreSQL Global Development Group, PostgreSQL 15.2, 14.7, 13.10, 12.14, and 11.19 Released. In some situations the path name for the current directory might be too long to be a valid socket name. Database Administrators Stack Exchange is a question and answer site for database professionals who wish to improve their database skills and learn from others in the community. However, there was not rigid enforcement of this, and previously there were corner cases where duplicate names could be created. Below is the complete archive of release notes for every version of PostgreSQL. rev2023.5.1.43405. Copyright 1996-2023 The PostgreSQL Global Development Group. Sequence data is not replicated. At the end of the migration, we can delete the subscription in our new master in PostgreSQL 11: Before using the logical replication, please keep in mind the following limitations: Keeping your PostgreSQL server up to date by performing regular upgrades has been a necessary but difficult task until PostgreSQL 10 version. Prevent to_number() from consuming characters when the template separator does not match (Oliver Ford). Obviously, no one should be accessing the clusters during the upgrade. Previously, combinations of -U and a user name embedded in a URI caused incorrect reporting. For security, be sure that that directory is not readable or writable by any other users. If the partition key is part of the index's column set, a partitioned index may be declared UNIQUE. In an equality join between partitioned tables, allow matching partitions to be joined directly (Ashutosh Bapat). The PostgreSQL Project thanks Etienne Stalmans for reporting this problem. Disallow DROP INDEX CONCURRENTLY on a partitioned table (lvaro Herrera, Michael Paquier). In this case, it should be set to at least the number of subscriptions that will be added to the subscriber. Prevent extensions from creating custom server parameters that take a quoted list of values (Tom Lane). Honor the capitalization of double-quoted command options (Daniel Gustafsson). E.10.2. If initdb was run, delete the standby servers' new data directories. The people I work for come from SQL Server. Correctly handle relative path expressions in xmltable(), xpath(), and other XML-handling functions (Markus Winand). Allow foreign keys on partitioned tables (lvaro Herrera), Allow FOR EACH ROW triggers on partitioned tables (lvaro Herrera). Server variable data_directory_mode allows reading of data directory group permissions. Now, if there is ambiguity, the interpretation that matches the syntactic form is chosen. The database schema and DDL commands are not replicated. Partitioning Allow the creation of partitions based on hashing a key column (Amul Sul) Support indexes on partitioned tables (lvaro Herrera, Amit Langote) Worse, the connection might succeed but not be encrypted as intended, or be vulnerable to man-in-the-middle attacks that the intended connection parameters would have prevented. The compile-time option ALLOW_DANGEROUS_LO_FUNCTIONS has been removed. This is useful for KNN-GiST searches when looking for coordinates in descending order. Previously, only superusers could call adminpack functions; now role permissions are checked. The release notes do not contain changes that affect only a few users or changes that are internal and therefore not user-visible. Below you will find a detailed account of the changes between PostgreSQL 11 and the previous major release. Allow postgres_fdw to push down aggregates to foreign tables that are partitions (Jeevan Chalke), Allow parallel building of a btree index (Peter Geoghegan, Rushabh Lathia, Heikki Linnakangas), Allow hash joins to be performed in parallel using a shared hash table (Thomas Munro), Allow UNION to run each SELECT in parallel if the individual SELECTs cannot be parallelized (Amit Khandekar, Robert Haas, Amul Sul), Allow partition scans to more efficiently use parallel workers (Amit Khandekar, Robert Haas, Amul Sul), Allow LIMIT to be passed to parallel workers (Robert Haas, Tom Lane). The BYPASSRLS attribute is only allowed to be changed by superusers, but other ALTER ROLE operations, such as password changes, should be allowed with only ordinary permission checks. You might need to set connection parameters to match your new cluster. In PostgreSQL 11: $ pg_dumpall -s > schema.sql. This is controlled by the huge_pages configuration parameter. Configure the servers for log shipping. If you. I've been reading the documentation and listing all the deprecated features. To accomplish upgrades you needed to think of other ways of upgrading, such as using pg_upgrade, dumping and restoring, or using some third party tools like Slony or Bucardo, all of them having their own caveats. Ensure that SLRU directories are properly fsync'd during checkpoints (Thomas Munro). Allow parallelization of commands CREATE TABLE AS, SELECT INTO, and CREATE MATERIALIZED VIEW (Haribabu Kommi), Improve performance of sequential scans with many parallel workers (David Rowley), Add reporting of parallel workers' sort activity in EXPLAIN (Robert Haas, Tom Lane), Allow B-tree indexes to include columns that are not part of the search key or unique constraint, but are available to be read by index-only scans (Anastasia Lubennikova, Alexander Korotkov, Teodor Sigaev). If that is not available, make a copy of the old cluster and upgrade that in link mode. PostgreSQL Management & Automation with ClusterControl, Learn about what you need to know to deploy, monitor, manage and scale PostgreSQL, An Overview of Logical Replication in PostgreSQL, PostgreSQL Streaming Replication vs Logical Replication, Create the table structure in the subscriber. Once we have our schema in PostgreSQL 11, we create the subscription, replacing the values of host, dbname, user, and password with those that correspond to our environment. E.3.4. You will not be running pg_upgrade on the standby servers, but rather rsync on the primary. If I want my conlang's compound words not to exceed 3-4 syllables in length, what kind of phonology should my conlang have? pg_dump and pg_restore, without --create, no longer dump/restore database-level comments and security labels; those are now treated as properties of the database. Also, if any table mentioned in VACUUM uses a column list, then the ANALYZE keyword must be supplied; previously, ANALYZE was implied in such cases. They are created with the new CREATE PROCEDURE command and invoked via CALL. Do not start any servers yet. Show memory usage in output from log_statement_stats, log_parser_stats, log_planner_stats, and log_executor_stats (Justin Pryzby, Peter Eisentraut), Add column pg_stat_activity.backend_type to show the type of a background worker (Peter Eisentraut), Make log_autovacuum_min_duration log skipped tables that are concurrently being dropped (Nathan Bossart), Add information_schema columns related to table constraints and triggers (Peter Eisentraut).
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