World War I broke out in August 1914, pitting Germany and its allies against France and its allies. [59][60] Hoover and his wife had two children: Herbert Hoover Jr. (born in 1903) and Allan Henry Hoover (born in 1907). 3 children. Required fields are marked *. (31-1928-a28) Download Print. Hoover . Hoover described the New Deal's National Recovery Administration and Agricultural Adjustment Administration as "fascistic", and he called the 1933 Banking Act a "move to gigantic socialism". [262], In 1949, New York Governor Thomas E. Dewey offered Hoover the Senate seat vacated by Robert F. Wagner. [125], Hoover quietly built up support for a future presidential bid throughout the 1920s, but he carefully avoided alienating Coolidge, who possibly could have run for another term in the 1928 presidential election. Hoover was awarded an honorary doctorate by the Charles University in Prague and University of Helsinki in March 1938. Perry. [118] Other efforts at eliminating waste included reducing labor losses from trade disputes and seasonal fluctuations, reducing industrial losses from accident and injury, and reducing the amount of crude oil spilled during extraction and shipping. [208] In January 1933, a constitutional amendment repealing the Eighteenth Amendment was approved by Congress and submitted to the states for ratification. [229] Hoover's attempts to vindicate his administration fell on deaf ears, as much of the public blamed his administration for the depression. Yet Hoover saw them all related and extensions of his original efforts with the Commission for Relief in Belgium, the United States Food Administration, and the United States Grain Corporation. Nash. The second solution was to gain the reputation of a humanitarian, deeply concerned with the world's troubles, such as famine in Belgium, as well as specific American problems which he had solved as food commissioner during the world war. [195] Though Robert Moton and some other black leaders accepted the lily-white strategy as a temporary measure, most African-American leaders were outraged. [175] The Hoover Moratorium was warmly received in Europe and the United States, but Germany remained on the brink of defaulting on its loans. [187] As these measures failed to stem the economic crisis, Hoover signed the Emergency Relief and Construction Act, a $2 billion public works bill, in July 1932. Hoover was born to a Quaker family in West Branch, Iowa, but he grew up in Oregon. Midred Brooke Hoover (1901-1983), married to Cornelius Willis. [63] Hoover later stated, "I did not realize it at the moment, but on August 3, 1914, my career was over forever. [155] The causes of the Great Depression remain a matter of debate,[156] but Hoover viewed a lack of confidence in the financial system as the fundamental economic problem facing the nation. He recruited numerous academics from various fields and tasked them with publishing reports on different aspects of the economy, including steel production and films. [160] In the days following Black Tuesday, Hoover gathered business and labor leaders, asking them to avoid wage cuts and work stoppages while the country faced what he believed would be a short recession similar to the Depression of 192021. The park is in West Branch, Iowa, less than a half-mile north of exit 254 off I-80. Coolidge and other prominent Republicans all passed on the opportunity to challenge Hoover. "[283], Historian Richard Pipes, on his actions leading the American Relief Administration, said of him "Many statesmen occupy a prominent place in history for having sent millions to their death; Herbert Hoover, maligned for his performance as President, and soon forgotten in Russia, has the rare distinction of having saved millions. [216], In 1931, Japan invaded Manchuria, defeating the Republic of China's National Revolutionary Army and establishing Manchukuo, a puppet state. The First Lady herself was there to welcome them, hiding behind a gate at the end of the platform to avoid being noticed. [286] Some historians trace the disaffection of the American Blacks with the Republican party to his time in office especially due to his attempt to remove Blacks from leadership in the Republican party in the South. This is a brief genealogy of Herbert Hoover's family, starting with his parents. Hoover and his family moved to Stone County in 1967. He believed that African Americans and other races could improve themselves with education and individual initiative. [218], Thousands of World War I veterans and their families demonstrated and camped out in Washington, DC, during June 1932, calling for immediate payment of bonuses that had been promised by the World War Adjusted Compensation Act in 1924; the terms of the act called for payment of the bonuses in 1945. National Archives & Records Administratiion. [253] Because of Hoover's experience with Germany at the end of World War I, in 1946 Truman selected the former president to tour Allied-occupied Germany and Rome, Italy to ascertain the food needs of the occupied nations. Hoover's wartime push for higher taxes, criticism of Attorney General A. Mitchell Palmer's actions during the First Red Scare, and his advocacy for measures such as the minimum wage, forty-eight-hour workweek, and elimination of child labor made him appealing to progressives of both parties. [261] Hoover favored the United Nations in principle, but he opposed granting membership to the Soviet Union and other Communist states. At the 1940 Republican National Convention, he again hoped for the presidential nomination, but it went to the internationalist Wendell Willkie, who lost to Roosevelt in the general election. [36] According to the National Review, "the reincarnation of Firing Line comes at an interesting time, and a needful one". Peggy Ann and Herbert Hoover III received a message of Christmas greetings from the children of Washington, D.C on December 24, 1930. The descendants of Andrew Hoover, born Andreas Huber, who came to the United States from the Palatinate in 1783 and established this Hoover line in America. Mrs. Hoover had been busy preparing for their arrival, furnishing three bedrooms and a playroom in the attic of the White House. Conditions were harsh in the goldfields; Hoover described the Coolgardie and Murchison rangelands on the edge of the Great Victoria Desert as a land of "black flies, red dust and white heat". [128] Despite his lukewarm feelings towards Hoover, Coolidge had no desire to split the party by publicly opposing the popular Commerce Secretary's candidacy. Peggy Ann was particularly interested to see the bears, because one White House staff member had told the children that a bear lived in the cellar of the White House. Though he did not attend high school, Hoover learned bookkeeping, typing, and mathematics at a night school. [230] In the electoral vote, Hoover lost 59472, carrying six states. [67] The CRB obtained and imported millions of tons of foodstuffs for the CNSA to distribute, and helped ensure that the German army did not appropriate the food. Margaret Ann Hoover (born 1926-2011). [219] The incident proved embarrassing for the Hoover administration and hurt his bid for re-election. He strongly criticized Roosevelt's foreign policy and New Deal domestic agenda. [114], As Commerce Secretary, Hoover hosted national conferences on street traffic collectively known as the National Conference on Street and Highway Safety. Recently Updated Birth of Herbert W. Hoover. When the children would visit him while he was working, he would give them goodies from a stash he kept in his desk drawer. [163] These actions were collectively designed to prevent a cycle of deflation and provide a fiscal stimulus. [29][30], Hoover traveled constantly across the Outback to evaluate and manage the company's mines. Username and password are case sensitive. "[275] Two months earlier, on August 10, Hoover reached the age of 90, only the second U.S. president (after John Adams) to do so. 1879 1879. [279] Nicholas Lemann writes that Hoover has been remembered "as the man who was too rigidly conservative to react adeptly to the Depression, as the hapless foil to the great Franklin Roosevelt, and as the politician who managed to turn a Republican country into a Democratic one". Language links are at the top of the page across from the title. Democrats positioned the program as a kinder alternative to Hoover's alleged apathy towards the unemployed, despite Hoover's belief that such programs were the responsibility of state and local governments. [133] The Democrats nominated New York governor Al Smith, who became the first Catholic major party nominee for president. He and his wife lived in Palo Alto until her death in 1944, at which point Hoover began to live permanently at the Waldorf Astoria hotel in New York City. [280] A 2017 C-SPAN poll of historians also ranked Hoover as the 36th best president. [28] He first went to Coolgardie, then the center of the Eastern Goldfields, which was actually in Western Australia, receiving a $5,000 salary (equivalent to $162,860 in 2021). [272][273] He died on October 20, 1964, in New York City following massive internal bleeding. [44] Hoover thought of himself and his associates as "engineering doctors to sick concerns", and he earned a reputation as a "doctor of sick mines". MacArthur, believing he was fighting a Communist revolution, chose to clear out the camp with military force. [94][95], Hoover had been little known among the American public before 1914, but his service in the Wilson administration established him as a contender in the 1920 presidential election. ", Britten, Thomas A. In response to continued attacks on his character and presidency, Hoover wrote more than two dozen books, including The Challenge to Liberty (1934), which harshly criticized Roosevelt's New Deal. In March 1879, the family moved to the House of the Maples, a two-story frame house. His parents were Jesse Clark Hoover (1846-1880) and Hulda Randall Minthorn (1848-1884). The American auto industry consumed 70% of the world's output, but British investors controlled much of the supply. The Hoover family celebrating Christmas in Palo Alto, California. [36] They would remain married until Lou Henry Hoover's death in 1944. [70] He also convinced British Chancellor of the Exchequer David Lloyd George to allow individuals to send money to the people of Belgium, thereby lessening workload of the CRB. Hoover did not completely refrain from the use of the military in Latin American affairs; he thrice threatened intervention in the Dominican Republic, and he sent warships to El Salvador to support the government against a left-wing revolution.
Categories
